In a recent report, it was revealed that 95% of Canada’s avian flu vaccine doses, acquired in 2024, were discarded. The analysis came from the Office of the Auditor General of Canada, highlighting significant mismanagement in vaccine procurement.
Background on Vaccine Acquisition
In August 2024, the Public Health Agency of Canada (PHAC) purchased 500,000 doses of the avian flu vaccine. This decision stemmed from a preliminary risk assessment aimed at protecting high-risk groups, such as farmers. However, by February 2025, a more thorough evaluation indicated that existing stocks were sufficient to combat potential avian flu outbreaks.
Subsequent Purchases and Mismanagement
Despite the availability of vaccine doses, PHAC ordered an additional 370,000 doses from the same supplier a month later. The report noted that there was no cost-benefit analysis to rationalize this additional purchase. PHAC stated that the precaution was meant to prepare for a changing virus transmission profile and potential pandemic risks.
Distribution and Expiration of Vaccines
Although the initial doses were distributed starting in May 2025, demand was low. Out of 870,000 total doses, fewer than 40,000 were sent to provinces, with only 2,300 allocated to research institutions. By February 2026, the vaccines expired, resulting in 95% of the stock going to waste.
The Cost and Impact of the Vaccination Program
The total expenditure on these vaccine doses remains confidential due to the contractual agreement between PHAC and the supplier. The agency reported that only one serious case of H5N1 infection occurred in Canada, with no fatalities recorded. This incident took place in November 2024 in British Columbia.
Outbreaks and Response
Throughout Canada, cases were reported among wildlife and on farms, prompting action from the Canadian Food Inspection Agency to curb the spread of the virus. Notably, over 300 ostriches suspected of harboring H5N1 were culled on a farm in British Columbia, despite legal resistance from the owners.
Global Context of Avian Flu
Globally, 103 human cases of H5N1 have been documented, with 11 resulting in death. This underscores the ongoing risks associated with avian influenza and the importance of effective vaccine management.
