As the Milan-Cortina 2026 Olympics approach, significant changes are underway regarding equipment used in winter sports. The International Ski and Snowboard Federation (FIS) has implemented a ban on fluorinated waxes, known for enhancing the performance of skis and snowboards.
Fluorinated Waxes and Health Concerns
Recent enforcement of this regulation has already led to disqualifications during the Winter Games. South Korean cross-country skiers Han Dasom and Lee Eui-jin faced disqualification in the women’s sprint event, following a similar fate for Japanese snowboarder Shiba Masaki in the men’s parallel giant slalom.
These disqualifications stem from routine testing that detected banned fluorinated compounds on their equipment. For decades, these waxes, which contain per- and polyfluoroalkyl substances (PFAS), have been used by elite athletes to gain a significant speed advantage, especially in warmer conditions.
Environmental Impact of PFAS
PFAS are widely regarded as “forever chemicals” due to their resistance to environmental degradation. They pose serious health risks, including links to thyroid disease and cancer. Studies have shown elevated PFAS levels in both ski technicians and local soils and waters near ski venues.
Implementation of the Ban
In response to the increasing scrutiny of fluorinated waxes, FIS mandated the ban in 2019, officially enforcing it in 2023. This prohibition extends to all events under its governance, including various skiing and snowboarding disciplines.
Officials utilize Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy to test competitors’ equipment. A positive test indicates the presence of fluorinated substances, leading to disqualification if multiple red results are recorded.
Reactions and Protests
The South Korean Ski Association expressed confusion over the results, noting that the athletes had passed previous tests without issues. They plan to consult experts on possible contamination from the wax or the skis themselves.
The Korean Olympic Committee reported that fluoride was detected even in waxes labeled as fluoride-free. They aim to replace the wax and thoroughly inspect the skis to prevent future issues.
Continuing Competitions
Despite the disqualification, the South Korean athletes competed again in the 10-km freestyle event, finishing in 73rd and 80th positions. Their results for this event remained unaffected by prior incidents.
The ongoing developments highlight the evolving landscape in winter sports as authorities prioritize athlete safety and environmental protection.
