The Polar Vortex is experiencing significant disruptions that are expected to unleash the coldest air of the season across North America and Europe. This weather event is projected to last into early February, leading to a cold wave impacting both regions.
Understanding the Polar Vortex
The Polar Vortex refers to the large-scale winter circulation above the polar regions. It acts as a barrier, locking cold air within the poles when it is strong. However, when it becomes unstable, this barrier breaks down, allowing Arctic air to escape into mid-latitude regions.
Currently, the Polar Vortex is in a stretched state, which facilitates a northerly airflow into North America. A significant high-pressure system over the North Pacific is expected to intensify this effect, bending the jet stream southward.
Current Weather Forecast
- The cold air corridor is forecasted to impact southern Canada and extend into the central and eastern United States.
- Wind patterns indicate that temperatures could fall below 5°F in the Midwest and Northeast.
- Parts of southeastern Canada may experience temperatures as low as -30°F.
Snowfall is also likely, particularly in the Midwest and around the Great Lakes, due to lake-effect snow. Both regions are expected to see notable accumulations over the next week.
Upcoming Stratospheric Warming Event
A Stratospheric Warming Event (SSW) is developing, signaling further instability in the Polar Vortex. This phenomenon results from rising pressure and temperatures at high altitudes, disrupting the traditional circulation pattern.
As this warming continues, it’s anticipated that a stronger disruption of the Polar Vortex will occur by late January, fully opening pathways for cold air to invade North America and Europe.
Temperature Anomaly Forecast
- Forecasts show significant temperature drops, with anomalies reaching up to 35°F below normal.
- Midwestern states are likely to see temperatures plummet to -20°F and lower.
- Freezing conditions could affect areas as far south as northern Florida.
In Europe, temperatures are expected to dip, with central regions forecasted to fall below -10°C due to the cold spill from the northern latitudes.
Looking Ahead
As the disruptions progress into February, forecasters indicate that the pattern of cold temperatures will persist, especially in the eastern United States and southeastern Canada. This trend is expected to continue even as milder weather returns to western regions.
This article is based on the most recent meteorological data. El-Balad will provide updates as the winter weather patterns evolve, keeping you informed on what lies ahead.
