In the northwestern village of Deduru Oya, Sri Lanka, fishermen face a significant challenge due to an invasive fish species. The arrival of the snakehead fish is disrupting local fisheries by preying on traditional fish and shellfish. Over the last two years, fishers have reported a drastic decline in their usual catch.
Sneakhead Fish: A Growing Threat
The snakehead fish, native to parts of Southeast Asia, is believed to have entered Sri Lanka through imported ornamental fish. Local officials suspect that as these fish outgrew their tanks, they were released into the Deduru Oya reservoir. Dr. Kelum Wijenayake, an academic observing this phenomenon, notes that the snakehead is at the top of the local food chain, finding an ideal breeding ground in the reservoir.
Impact on Local Ecosystem
These fish outcompete native species for food and have no natural predators in the area. They are aggressive eaters, equipped with sharp teeth and strong jaws, which threatens the biodiversity that has developed over centuries. Compared to local freshwater species, snakeheads grow considerably larger, with individual fish weighing as much as 7 kilograms (15 pounds).
- Traditional Catch Dwindling: Fishermen have experienced a decrease in smaller high-value fish like prawns.
- Competition’s Failure: An organized angling competition aimed at controlling snakehead numbers was ineffective.
Transforming a Problem into an Opportunity
Despite the challenges, local fishers are looking to turn this invasive species threat into an economic opportunity. Ranjith Kumara, secretary of the area’s fishers association, suggests promoting angler tourism, which could provide new revenue streams for the community. This initiative would not only manage the snakehead population but could also support local livelihoods that primarily depend on fishing and farming.
Culinary Uses for Snakehead Fish
Another promising avenue is the production of salted dried snakehead fish. Fisherman Sujeewa Kariyawasam has started this venture, noting that while fresh snakehead fish lacks strong market demand, its dried form is considered a tasty delicacy. As demand for this product grows, it may encourage more catches and help control the invasive species.
The situation represents a unique opportunity for the fishers of Deduru Oya. By adapting to the presence of the snakehead fish, these fishermen aim to reclaim their livelihoods and protect the local ecosystem.
