The relationship between Ethiopia and Eritrea has a long and complex history, characterized by conflict and occasional cooperation. With Ethiopia officially losing its access to the Red Sea after Eritrea’s secession in 1993, discussions have intensified over maritime control.
Ethiopia’s Quest for Red Sea Access
Ethiopia is the most populous landlocked country in the world. When Eritrea gained independence, Ethiopia lost its crucial 1,350 km (840-mile) coastline along the Red Sea. This has raised significant concerns for the Ethiopian government.
Historic Conflict and Peace
The two nations fought a brutal border war that lasted from 1998 to 2000. Prime Minister Abiy Ahmed was awarded the Nobel Peace Prize in 2019 for his role in ending this 20-year military stalemate with Eritrea. However, the Tigray conflict has strained relations once more.
Current Tensions
Recent rhetoric suggests a shift back to hostility. Ethiopia’s Prime Minister Abiy has expressed the need for Ethiopia to reclaim its connection to the Red Sea. He specifically mentioned the southern port of Assab, located approximately 60 km from the Ethiopian border, as a key point of interest.
In a recent parliamentary address, Abiy stated, “The Red Sea and Ethiopia cannot remain separated forever.” His comments indicate rising tensions and a potential inclination towards military action to regain access to this vital shipping route.
Key Facts
- Ethiopia’s Independence from Eritrea: Eritrea seceded in 1993.
- Border War: Conflict lasted from 1998 to 2000.
- Nobel Peace Prize: Awarded to Abiy Ahmed in 2019.
- Distance to Assab: Approximately 60 km from the Ethiopian border.
- Coastline Lost: Ethiopia lost a 1,350 km (840-mile) coastline due to Eritrea’s independence.
The renewed conflict with TPLF and Eritrea in Tigray poses challenges for regional stability. Both countries must navigate these complexities to prevent further discord.
